Chapter 18 Weak Verbs Classes Ⅱ, Ⅲ

 

Weak Verbs, Class Ⅱ

18.1. The verbs of Class Ⅱ, as noted above, are ō-stems. To this ō was added the infinitive ending -jan, producing *ōjan, which by i-Umlaut ˃ *ējan, then by contraction ˃ -īan, and finally ˃ -ian.

___PRESENTIndicative
Sing.1.123
2.456
3.789
Plur.1-3101112
___Subjunctive______
___Imperative______
___PRETERITIndicative___
___Subjunctive___

Most weak verbs of Class Ⅱ are conjugated like bodian. Only a few are conjugated like smēag(e)an: fēog(e)an, to hate, frēog(e)an, to love, scōg(e)an, to shoe, twēog(e)an, to doubt, ðrēag(e)an, to rebuke.

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Weak Verbs, Class Ⅲ

18.2. Verbs of Class Ⅲ, as noted above, are ai-stems. Only a few examples survive, and even these are defective. Their tendency in PrehOE was to "go over" to the pattern of Class Ⅱ verbs.

Conjugation
___PRESENTIndicative
Sing.1.123
2.456
3.789
Plur.1-3101112
___Subjunctive______
___Imperative______
___PRETERITIndicative___
___Subjunctive___
Translation St. Cuthbert

A.D. 687. On þone ilcan dæg [March 20] biþ Sancte Cūðberhtes gelēornes þæs hālgan biscopes; sē wæs on þisse Brytene on þære mægðe ðe is nemned Transhumbrensium, þæt is Norðanhymbra ðēod. Þone wer oft englas sōhton, and him tō brōhton heofonlīce gereorde; and hē hæfde þā mihte þæt hē

VOCABULARY
  1. abbudissa, abbess
  2. ætstandan, to stand beside
  3. blētsian, to bless
  4. clǣne, pure
  5. gebed, prayer
  6. gefēlan, to feel, perceive
  7. gelēornes, departure, death
  8. gereord, food, plur. feast
  9. ilca, same
  10. lēoran, to depart from, leave
  11. mǣgð, people, country
  12. mæsseprēost, masspriest
  13. miht, power

  14. mynster, monastery
  15. onbergan, to drink
  16. ondettan, to confess, avow
  17. profost, provost, prior
  18. sēlre, better
  19. þegn, servent
  20. þēod, people
  21. þyrstan, to thirst
  22. tīd, occasion
  23. undernræst, morning rest
  24. untrumnes, sickness
  25. wundor, wonder, miracle
POINTS OF SYNTAX
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